人类对海洋的压力被认为在全球范围内正在增加，但我们对它们的累积变化模式知之甚少，哪些压力对变化负有最大责任，哪些地方正在经历最大的变化。管理人员和政策制定者需要此类信息来制定战略决策并监测实现管理目标的进展情况。在这里，我们计算并绘制了 5 年来渔业、气候变化以及海洋和陆地压力源对全球海洋生态系统累积影响的最近变化。近 66% 的海洋和 77% 的国家管辖范围显示人类影响增加，主要是由气候变化压力驱动的。 5% 的海洋受到不断增加的压力的严重影响，需要管理人员予以关注。随着压力的降低，百分之十的影响非常小。我们的结果提供了关于在何处优先管理工作的大规模指导，并肯定了应对气候变化以维持和改善海洋生态系统状况的重要性。
Human pressures on the ocean are thought to be increasing globally, yet we know little about their patterns of cumulative change, which pressures are most responsible for change, and which places are experiencing the greatest increases. Managers and policymakers require such information to make strategic decisions and monitor progress towards management objectives. Here we calculate and map recent change over 5 years in cumulative impacts to marine ecosystems globally from fishing, climate change, and ocean- and land-based stressors. Nearly 66% of the ocean and 77% of national jurisdictions show increased human impact, driven mostly by climate change pressures. Five percent of the ocean is heavily impacted with increasing pressures, requiring management attention. Ten percent has very low impact with decreasing pressures. Our results provide large-scale guidance about where to prioritize management efforts and affirm the importance of addressing climate change to maintain and improve the condition of marine ecosystems.
hy00135-人类对世界海洋累积影响的时空变化(英文).pdf
